Confucius said "A man is not worried about kindness, a scholar is not embarrassed and one brave man is not afraid." But courage does not mean being reckless or stubbornly combative. The "Courage" is related to the 'cultivation' of virtue and morality. Confucius acknowledged that his disciple Zilu was quite brave, but he advised him to always keep a sense of justice, hand in hand with courage. Bravery has no value without the sense of righteousness. Forgot righteousness for the benefit or doing nothing while justice wants can not be called real courage. The courage that conforms to morality has always been a virtue highly recommended in traditional Chinese culture. Shijing (Book of Odes), Daya (Major Odes) and Shumin (Ordinary people) say "Do not eat the sweet, do not spit out the difficult, not to torment the weak and helpless and not be afraid of despots and people power. "[Unofficial translation]. This poem was composed to praise and support to battle the famous General Zhong Shanfu Xizhou of the dynasty. The general idea is that the poem should not be easily tempted by things soft and tender, rather than reject it difficult or intimidating the weak and be intimidated by the strong. The poem blessed the general, saying he will not fail to enforce the imperial decree, he will be able to arrange talks between the warlords and bring comfort to the people. This expresses admiration for a great character and the courage not to deny and to put pressure on the small and weak while not fearing neither danger nor powerful. In the annals of Aigong book Zuo Zhuan, 16th comment, "Courage is headed by righteousness" means that only by adhering to the morality and righteousness that we can speak of courage. The courage "must be based on compassion and righteousness" Confucius is often the question of courage. He says, "A benevolent man is not concerned, a scholar is not embarrassed and one brave man is not afraid." ( "Monday Yu" - [Interviews Confucius] - Xianwen [Key Issues]). According to Confucius, there are three qualities that a good man must possess and which are also the perfect human state. A caring and moral person will treat others with kindness and generosity, so it does not worry. A wise person can distinguish good from evil, it will therefore not be embarrassed. Someone brave not afraid to deal with disasters, so it has nothing to fear. Someone with just one of its qualities is already difficult to find, but it is even more difficult to find someone who has all three. Confucius said candidly that he could not accomplish all three. But his disciple Zi Gong said, "Master speaks for itself", which meant that it was the only description was that of Confucius himself. In the spirit of his disciple, Confucius was the epitome of kindness, wisdom and courage. If he did not have three qualities, who had? Confucius also said "A person certainly sympathetic to the courage, but a courageous person is not necessarily benign neglect" ( "Monday Yu - Xianwen). This statement expresses the relationship between "caring" and "courage." A benevolent person is certainly courageous for a just cause, even sacrificing his life for this and that's true courage. Some people may seem very brave, but not in order to seek justice. This can be reduced to an emotional glow, not necessarily with the heart to care for others and kindness. Confucius said, "Whoever does not act for a just cause during a confrontation is not what is called courage" ( "Monday Yu - Weizheng" [The government]) If a person dares not face the challenge that it was intended is a sign of cowardice. This statement illustrates the relationship between righteousness and courage. Do nothing for a just cause is not only a sign of cowardice, it is a shame. Facing the challenges with noble and just cause is a behavior that is much admired in the Chinese traditional culture. In fact such courage that speaks the former is close to the moral and ethical behavior. In his Dialogue Li Hou famous author Su Shi of Song Dynasty criticized the kind of stupidity that leads to fighting in a fit of rage. He praises those with aspirations of visionaries have been able to endure the humiliation, and believes they are very brave. He said "They are really brave, those who are not afraid to deal with a sudden calamity and not deal with n'enragent wanton acts." This means that there are people in the world very courageous, to unforeseen disasters that are not afraid, that the injustices are not angry, as HanXin the Han dynasty that has to crawl between the legs of a thief when he was young. If he had not been able to endure this humiliation and had decided to kill the rogue, how he could have achieved success later? Thus we see that when necessary, endure is the wise choice of a courageous person. Zhu Jia class courage in "petty courage" and "courage." He says in his book (annotation about stanzas of the fourth book - Annotate about Meng Zi) "The petty courage is the result of the excitement, and great courage comes from the correct principles and reason." It means that the petty courage is impulsive, while courage is based on morals and principles. | ||
Thursday, March 12, 2009
What the old Chinese saying about "Courage"
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